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Poverty Alleviation In India Essay

Poverty Alleviation In India Essay

To make provision for proper security of tenure for the tenant cultivators and share-croppers. The all india head count ratio (hcr) has declined by 7. The first five-year plan was launched in april 1951.

Dandekar and rath estimated their own standard of poverty line taking 2,250 calories as the desired minimum level of nutrition. Concurrent evaluation of irdp carried out by the ministry of rural areas and employment reveals that as many as 16 per cent of families assisted under irdp were able to cross the poverty line of rs 6,4again as per preliminary results of concurrent evaluation of irdp carried out during september 1992 to february 1993, about 50 per cent of assisted families could cross the poverty line of rs 6,400 during the eighth plan 18 million families were assisted under irdp with plan provision of rs 3,350 crore. The poverty projections further show that 90 per cent of the poor will be concentrated in eight states, such as bihar, madhya pradesh, orissa, uttar pradesh, west bengal, assam, maharashtra and rajasthan.

Accordingly, the poverty ratio in rural areas declined from 56. The above estimates of poverty line which refer to the national average, vary from state to state because of price differentials. However, as they live long enough in urban poverty, they acquire characteristics of their own.

But the defenders of the new economic policy have utilised the nss data on consumption of square meals. Differences arise with the fixing of this minimum consumption standard. While on the positive side, under the irdp scheme, beneficiaries were selectively chosen for assistance so as not to leave out the really needy.

The planning commission on october 3, 2011 was compelled to announce that a new methodology will be worked out to redefine the poverty line in consistent with the food security bill passed recently by a new expert committee. It is also observed that poverty has declined on an average by 1,5 percentage points per year between 2004-05 to 2009-10. Thus there are large differences between the definitions of poverty accepted in various countries of the world.

This revealed that the incidence of poverty in india fluctuated over the years. Tendulkar and lain, in their study reported that rural poverty increased from per cm in july 1990-june 1991 to 42. Guy sorman, while delivering a lecture on development and civilization is economic liberalization the right solution for india? Observed recently (february, 1995) that liberalization must be accompanied by policies to remove poverty for it to be successful in india. But the combined poverty ratio of the backward states during the period 1973-74 to 2004-05 gradually declined from 66. Leaving aside all these differences it can be broadly said that poverty is a situation where a section of the society, having no fault of their own, is denied of even basic necessities of life.

Essay on Poverty in India - Economics Discussion

Poverty Alleviation In India Essay

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It is observed that the poverty ratio both at the rural and urban level in different states has declined considerably but still a high degree of poverty differentials still exist between backward and relatively developed states of the country leading to mounting regional disparities. The recomputed poverty estimates for the years 1993--05 as recommended by the tendulkar committee have been accepted by the planning commission. Again the poverty ratio in urban areas has also declined to 23. Little is known of their and labour in the growing cities. But by the end of 1960s, it became quite clear that the benefits of growth could hardly trickle down and institutional reforms adopted in the country were strangled by vested class interests.

Thus, to achieve success in the poverty eradication programmes along with the economic reforms introduced in the country, alternative strategies for empowering the people to help themselves are to be designed. The planning commission estimates the incidence of poverty in rural and urban areas of the country using the quinquennial survey data on household consumption expenditure released by the national sample survey organisation (nsso), coupled with the poverty lines as set out in the report of the task force on projection of minimum needs and effective consumption demand, constituted by the planning commission in 1979. In order to provide wage employment to the rural poor, the national rural employment programme (nrep) and the rural landless employment guarantee programme (rlegp) were introduced during the sixth plan. Taking the annual per capita minimum expenditure of? 240 as the minimum standard (on the basis on nss data), he found that the proportion of people below the poverty line declined from 64 per cent in 1956-57 to 50. Although the economic reform measures cannot be said to be solely responsible for such event but there are sufficient reasons to believe that strong linkages exist between the availability of food grains, pds off take, food grains prices and poverty ratio.

Average per capita consumption expenditure for rural and urban population as per 61st round (2004- 05) is rs 558. The experiences so gained dictated the world development reports shift of emphasis in its approach to tackle poverty from the over-reaching emphasis of the 1950s on large investments in physical capital and infrastructure to the 1970s on health and education, the 1980s on economic management and the 1990s stress on governance and institutions. Providing a pension of rs 75 per month to destitute and to person above 65 years of age living below the poverty line. But the present contract system followed for the implementation of these programmes should be stopped and proper institutional framework should be provided so that rural workers can engage themselves with much vigour and responsibility. Such a model has proved to be a success in india in the case of aids programme where non-governmental organisations have played an extremely important role. On the basis of the quinquennial large sample surveys on household consumer expenditure conducted by the national sample survey organisation (nsso), incidence of poverty is estimated by the planning commission for the year 2004-05. There is the need to compress the total number of schemes into two categories, i. These were (a) allocation of funds and determination of targets were made without considering the size of the population and incidence of poverty leading to wrong identification of families (c) poverty alleviation programmes failed to recognise importance of increased flow of social inputs through nutrition, family welfare, social security (d) this programme neglected the disabled, sick and socially handicapped persons (e) the present approach was almost blind about the existence of secondary poverty (f) the present poverty line crossing criterion for evaluation the income changes occurring below poverty line (g) the poverty alleviation programmes ignored the consequences of the earning activities of the poor people in terms of occupational health hazards and adverse ecological factors. Again in 1987-88, the planning commission revised the standard of private consumption expenditure of 15. The combined poverty ratio of states like kerala, west bengal, tamil nadu and uttar pradesh which were 59.

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